Diabetes Mellitus Symptom:

Diabetes is a chronic and complex disease, caused by having too much glucose (sugar) in the blood. This happens when there is low or no insulin production or improper utilization of insulin.

Diabetes (diabetes mellitus) is considered as a metabolic disorder.  Metabolism is process in an organism to manufacture and utilize food and waste materials are eliminated. Our body digestive system breakdown food; absorbs, manufactures, utilizes the nutrients and eliminates waste.

Diabetes in the US:

Currently in the United States 7.8% of the population or around 23.6 million people have diabetes with 5.7 million being undiagnosed. Most of those diagnosed have Type-2 diabetes and are usually 45 years of age or older. But this snapshot is changing as more children and adolescents are increasingly being diagnosed with this type of diabetes

Diabetes in India:

  

Stopping the Epidemic:

It is really fairly simple - medical professionals believe that turning off the TV and computer and going outside to walk or exercise will go a long way to stopping this epidemic. Other suggestions include cutting calories in diets, snacking on whole grain and high-fiber foods, avoiding smoking and alcohol, exercising regularly and getting stress levels under control are pro-active ways to keep this diabetic epidemic from continuing to grow

Diabetology

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder where in human body stops producing or fails to properly utilise insulin, a hormone that is required to convert sugar, starches, and other food into energy. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by constant high levels of blood glucose (sugar). The human body has to maintain the blood glucose level at a very narrow range, which is done with the help of insulin and glucagon. The function of glucagon is to release glucose from the liver to the blood stream so that, it can be transported to body tissues and cells for the production of energy.

There are three main types of diabetes:

Type 1 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes

Gestational diabetes

Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes impede a person life prominently. When breakdown of glucose is stopped completely, body uses fat and protein for producing the energy. Due to this mechanism symptoms like polydipsia, polyuria, polyphegia, and excessive weight loss can be observed in diabetics. Desired blood sugar of human body should be maintained between 70 mg/dl -110 mg/dl at fasting state.

If blood sugar is less than 70 mg/dl, it is termed as hypoglycemia and if more than 110 mg /dl, it’s hyperglycemia.

Diabetes is the primary reason for adult blindness, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), gangrene and amputations. Overweight, lack of exercise, family history and stress increases the likelihood of developing diabetes. When blood sugar level is constantly high it leads to kidney failure, cardiovascular problems and neuropathy. Patients with diabetes are 4 times more likely to have coronary heart disease and stroke. In addition, Gestational diabetes is more dangerous for pregnant women and their fetus.

The effects of diabetes mellitus include long-term damage, dysfunction and failure of various organs. Diabetes can lead to serious complications and premature death, but people with diabetes can take steps to control the disease and lower the risk of complications.

Neurology

Neurology is the medical specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of disease involving the central, peripheral, and autonomous nervous systems, including their coverings, blood vessels, and all effector tissues, such as muscles.

Cardiology

Cardiology is the specialised branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the cardiovascular systems. This field has various super-specializations in the branches of congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart diseases and electrophysiological disorders. 

Nephrology

Nephrology is the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of kidney diseases including electrolyte disturbances and hypertension, as well as the care of those patients who require renal replacement therapy, including dialysis and renal transplant patients.